Susceptible and Protective Human Leukocyte Antigen Class II Alleles and Haplotypes in Bahraini Type 2 (Non-Insulin-Dependent) Diabetes Mellitus Patients

Whereas the genetic risk for type 1 diabetes is linked to human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II genes, the HLA association in type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes is less clear. The association between HLA class II genotypes and type 2 diabetes was examined in adult Bahrainis, an Arab population with a high prevalence of type 2 diabetes. HLA-DRB1* and -DQB1* genotyping of 86 unrelated type 2 diabetes patients (age, 51.6 ± 8.2 years; mean duration of diabetes, 7.7 ± 7.1 years) who had a strong family history of diabetes (52 of 72 versus 0 of 89 for controls, P < 0.001) and 89 healthy subjects was done by PCR-sequence-specific priming. DRB1*040101 (0.1221 versus 0.0562, P = 0.019) and DRB1*070101 (0.2151 versus 0.0843, P < 0.001) were positively associated, while DRB1*110101 (0.0698 versus 0.1461, P = 0.014) and DRB1*160101 (0.0640 versus 0.1236, P = 0.038) were negatively associated with type 2 diabetes. DRB1*040101-DQB1*0302 (0.069 versus 0.0007; P = 0.004), DRB1*070101-DQB1*0201 (0.178 versus 0.0761, P = 0.007), DRB1*070101-DQB1*050101 (0.125 versus 0.0310, P = 0.002), and DRB1*150101-DQB1*060101 (0.0756 versus 0.0281, P = 0.008) were more prevalent among patients, while DRB1*160101-DQB1*050101 (0.0702 versus 0.0349, P = 0.05) was more prevalent among controls, conferring disease susceptibility or protection, respectively. In Bahrainis with type 2 diabetes, there is a significant association with select HLA class II genotypes, which were distinct from those in type 1 diabetes

Association of Selective HLA Class II Susceptibility-Conferring and Protective Haplotypes with Type 2 Diabetes in Patients from Bahrain and Lebanon

The association of HLA class II with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) was investigated in Bahraini and Lebanese subjects. DRB1*070101 (Lebanese and Bahraini) and DQB1*0201 (Lebanese) were susceptibility-conferring alleles, and unique susceptibility-conferring/protective haplotypes were found in both patient groups. Regression analysis confirmed that DRB1*070101-DQB1*0201 (Bahraini) and DRB1*110101-DQB1*0201 (Lebanese) were susceptibility-conferring haplotypes